DIMA HASAO DISTRICT
Dima Hasao -A bird's eye view
Name of the District :-
North Cachar Hills
District
created :-
02-02-1970
Head
Quarters :-
Haflong
Sub-Divisions :-
i) Haflong
ii) Maibang
No.
of
Villages :-
552
Distance
from State
:- 368 k.m.
Capital to
Haflong
Mode
of Communication:
Air Service :- Though there is no direct Air connection to DIMA HASAO District, one can fly up to Silchar or Guwahati, from where easy
road & railway services to the district are available.
Available
Bus services :-
| From | Service | To | Time |
Guwahati
(Paltan
Bazar)
|
Network(Pvt.) | Haflong | 8.30 p.m. |
| Nagaon | A.S.T.C. | Haflong | 10.00 a.m. |
Lanka
(Dist.
Nagaon)
|
Pvt. | Haflong |
06.00 a.m.
11.15
a.m.
|
Railway
service :-
| Trains available | From | Departure | To | Arrival |
| B.G.Express | Guwahati | 3.15 p.m. | Lumding | 7.30 p.m. |
| Inter City Express | Guwahati | 7.00 p.m. | Lumding | 10.45 p.m. |
| Barak Valley Express | Lumding | 7.15 a.m. | Haflong | 11.30 a.m. |
| Tripura Passenger | Lumding | 9.15 a.m. | Haflong | 1.45 p.m. |
| Cachar Express | Lumding | 9.15 p.m. | Haflong | 2.00 a.m. |
| Barak Valley Express | Silchar | 7.00 a.m. | Haflong | 1.00 p.m. |
| Cachar Express | Silchar | 5.00 p.m. | Haflong | 11.45 p.m. |
District
Boundary :-
East : Manipur & Part of Nagaland
West : Meghalaya & Part of Karbi-Anglong
North
: Karbi-Anglong & Part of Nagaon
South : Cachar
Area
of
District :- 4890 Sq. k.m.
Total
Population :- 1,86,189 (as
per 2001
Census)
Total
Voter :-
1,26,705(Male: 49677; Female: 44646)
Literacy :-
68.59%
Total
Polling
Stations:- 139
Total
Nos. & Names of:- 5 (five nos.) viz.
Dev. Blocks i)Haranagajao ITDP Block,
ii) Jatinga Valley Dev. Block
iii) Diyung Valley Dev. Block
iv) Diyungbra ITDP Block,
v) New-Sangbar Dev. Block
Various
ethnic Tribal inhabitants :
1) Dimasa, 2) Jeme-Naga,
3) Hmar, 4) Kuki,
5)
Biate, 6) Hrangkhol,
7) Khelma, 8 Jaintia,
9)
Karbi, 10) Vaiphei
Traditional way of
cultivation:- Jhum or
shifting
cultivation
No.
& Names of Town :-
4 (four) viz.,
1) Haflong, 2) Maibang,
3) Mahur 4) Umrangso
Total
No. of Assembly &
:- 1 (One) viz.
Parliamentary
Constituency
16-Haflong(ST) LAC
It is a segment of
3-Autonomous
District(ST)
Parliamentary Constituency.
Total
Nos. of Police Station
:- 4(four)
viz.
1) Haflong, 2) Mahur,
3) Maibang, 4) Umrangso
Geographical Area
N.C.Hills is the most hilly and undulated districts
of Assam. It has an area of 4890 sq. k.m.s which is 6.24 percent of the total
area of the state.
It consists of two sub-divisional administrative units namely Haflong and Maibang and 5(five) Development blocks namely-
i) Harangajao
ITDP block
ii) Jatinga Valley
Development block
iii) Diyang Valley
Development block
iv) Diyungbra ITDP
block
v) New Sangbar
Development block.
There are 552 revenue villages and as the district fall
under the 6th schedule area, development administration has been
conducted by the Autonomous Council, there are 27 MDCs areas and they represent
as local bodies at grass root level, selected on public franchise like the PRI
representatives in the plain districts.
Demography
Sl. No.
|
Particulars
|
Unit
|
N.C.Hills
|
|
Population
|
% of Total
|
|||
1.
|
Total Population
|
lakh
|
186189
|
|
2.
|
Male
|
Do
|
98899
|
56.13
|
3.
|
Female
|
Do
|
87290
|
43.87
|
4.
|
S.C. Population
|
Do
|
3918
|
2.10
|
5.
|
S.T. Population
|
Do
|
98834
|
53.70
|
6.
|
Rural Population
|
Do
|
128110
|
70.00
|
7.
|
Urban Population
|
Do
|
58079
|
30.00
|
As per 2001 Census the total population of the district is
186189 which is 7% of the state’s total. The domestic decadal growth is 23.47
which is higher than the state average 18.85. The BPL families are totaled to
15043 which is .5 p.c. of the total families of the state. The other important
demographic indicators of the district are listed below:
Parameter N.C.Hills State
Density
38 per sq. km 340 per sq. km
Sex-ratio
per 1000-883(f) 932 per 1000
Source:
Statistical Hand Book, Assam,2003
Agriculture
It is predominantly a forest area and agricultural practices of
paddy cultivation is done on jhuming cultivation system in dry hilly land in the
plain terrain areas depending mainly on rainfall which is also irregular. The
normal rainfall of the district is 2000 mms. The land use pattern of the
district is shown below
Areas in hectre
Sl. No.
|
Particulars
|
N.C.Hills
|
State of
Assam
|
||
Area
|
% of Total
area
|
Area
|
% of Total
area
|
||
1.
|
Geographical area
|
4,89000
|
78,43800
|
6.20%
|
|
2.
|
Forest
|
63777.410
|
13.04
|
1816261.060
|
4.39%
|
3.
|
Non
agricultural land Barren land
|
80.45
|
1425239
|
26.00%
|
|
4.
|
393276
|
1458840
|
|||
5.
|
Cultivable
waste
|
Not
Classified as yet
|
|||
6.
|
Net area
sown
|
28037
|
5.73
|
2734461
|
1.03%
|
7.
|
Area sown
more than once
|
8147
|
1.6
|
1352880
|
0.72%
|
Normal & Actual Rainfall (in mm) for 3 years.
Year
|
Rainfall(in mm)
|
2001
|
1572.2
|
2002
|
1717.4
|
2003
|
2042.1
|
SOURCE :- STATISTICAL HAND BOOK ASSAM, 2003.
Area, production and yield of major crops for the year 2002-03
are as indicated below.
Sl. No
|
Crop
|
Area
(ha)
|
Production
(in
tons)
|
Dist.
Yield
ton/ha
|
1.
|
Paddy
|
4838
|
5186
|
1.71
|
2.
|
Sugar
cane
|
1793
|
60209
|
33.58
|
3.
|
Cotton
|
|||
4.
|
Rape &
Mustard
|
2333
|
957
|
0.41
|
5.
|
Maize
|
1414
|
1060.5
|
0.75
|
6.
|
Sesamum
|
547
|
273.5
|
0.50
|
7.
|
Black
Gram
|
239
|
121.65
|
0.509
|
8.
|
Orange
|
1575
|
12600
|
8
|
9.
|
Pineapple
|
1785
|
18505
|
10.36
|
10.
|
Banana
|
550
|
7975
|
14.5
|
11.
|
Potato
|
275
|
1375
|
5
|
12.
|
Sweet
potato
|
47
|
235
|
5
|
13.
|
Litchi
|
68
|
204
|
3
|
14.
|
Assam
lemon
|
335
|
1670
|
4.9
|
15.
|
Assam
lemon
|
335
|
1670
|
4.9
|
16.
|
Papaya
|
315
|
4700
|
14.92
|
17.
|
Jack
fruit
|
288
|
2304
|
8
|
18.
|
Ginger
|
2970
|
14850
|
5
|
19.
|
Turmeric
|
272
|
158
|
0.58
|
20.
|
Chilly
|
2915
|
1749
|
0.6
|
21
|
Back
piper
|
25
|
17
|
0.68
|
22.
|
Arecanut
|
35
|
355
|
10.14
|
23.
|
Coconut
|
40
|
N/A
|
|
24.
|
Mango
|
58
|
980
|
16.89
|
25.
|
Rabi
vegetables
|
620
|
2950
|
4.75
|
26.
|
Kharif
veg
|
310
|
2325
|
7.5
|
27.
|
Guava
|
94
|
1233
|
13.11
|
28.
|
Tapioka
|
64
|
320
|
5
|
SOURCE :- AGRICULTURE DEPARTMENT. HAFLONG.
Land holding
Sl.No
|
Classification
|
Holdings
(nos.)
|
Area
(ha)
|
a
|
B
|
C
|
D
|
1.
|
Less than
1 hac
|
Not
Classified
,,
|
|
2.
|
Between 1
to 2 hac
|
||
3.
|
Above 2 ha
|
||
Fertiliser
Consumption
Per hectre consumption of NPK nutrient is 43 Kgs in the district. Consumption of
nitrogenous and phosphatic nutrients has steadily increased for increase in area
of production of pulses and cereals.
The details of
fertilizer consumptions are as below
Kharif
|
Rabi
|
|||||||||
N.C.Hills
|
N
|
P
|
K
|
Total
|
% with the state
|
N
|
P
|
K
|
Total
|
% with the state
|
8
|
6
|
4
|
18
|
0.25%
|
11
|
9
|
5
|
25
|
0.03%
|
|
Assam
|
35666
|
20266
|
16881
|
72813
|
||||||
The details of fertilizer distribution are indicated below.
Fertiliser
( in tons)
|
2000-01
|
2001-02
|
2002-03
|
Nitrogen
|
19
|
30
|
24
|
Phosphate
|
15
|
27
|
32.2
|
Potash
|
9
|
16
|
5.3
|
Total NPK
|
43
|
73
|
61.5
|
Agriculture in the district mainly depends upon the rainfall. The
net area irrigated under net area sown is 6% that is much below the state’s
average. The major, medium and minor irrigation projects with their details are
shown below.
Sl. No.
|
Item
|
Areas
in ha N.C.Hills
|
|
6500
7
300
150
|
|||
1.
|
Canals
|
||
2.
|
Tanks
|
||
3.
|
ELS
|
||
4.
|
Others
|
Animal husbandry
Dairying and
rearing of cow and buffalo is a common place practice of the tribal population.
As per sample survey for 2001-2002 the estimated latest live
stock Census of year 1997 the live stock population of the district are
indicated below.
Sl. No.
|
Animals
|
Nos.
|
1.
|
Cattle
|
224380
|
2.
|
Buffalos
|
21030
|
3.
|
Sheep
|
623
|
4.
|
Goats
|
36322
|
5.
|
Pigs
|
122715
|
6.
|
Poultry
|
292898
|
7.
|
Others(Dog)
|
45523
|
8.
|
Horse
|
712
|
Total
|
644203
|
|
Sl. No.
|
Miltch
Cattle
|
N.C.Hills
( nos.)
|
1.
|
Cross
breed
|
14457
|
2.
|
Indigenous
|
82884
|
3.
|
Buffalos
|
14081
|
Total
|
111422
|
|
Milk Production ( per year in 1000 M. Tones)
Cross
breed
|
8000.00
|
Indigenous
|
2010.00
|
Buffalos
|
1742.473
|
Total
|
11752.473
|
Human resources of the district is indicated below
Sl. No.
|
Human
resources
|
District
|
% of
total
|
State
|
1.
|
2.
|
3.
|
4.
|
5.
|
1.
|
Main
workers
|
54546
|
29.37
|
7083046
|
2.
|
Marginal
workers
|
15346
|
8.24
|
2474018
|
3.
|
Non
workers
|
116297
|
65.52
|
17081343
|
4.
|
Cultivators
|
334509
|
17.90
|
3741912
|
5.
|
Agril.
Labourers
|
3600
|
0.66
|
1289902
|
6.
|
Mining &
quarrying
|
883
|
0.47
|
N/A
|
7.
|
Manufacturing in household industries
|
1480
|
0.07
|
328541
|
8.
|
Construction workers
|
2097
|
1.12
|
N/A
|
9.
|
Trade &
Commerce
|
2958
|
1.58
|
N/A
|
10.
|
Transport & Communication
|
1947
|
1.04
|
N/A
|
11.
|
Other
services
|
12085
|
6.49
|
N/A
|
12.
|
Artisans
|
1100
|
0.59
|
N/A
|
SOURCE :- STATISTICAL HAND BOOK OF ASSAM 2003
It is crystal clear that while employment in agriculture
is increased the contribution to district income is decreasing leading to under
employment and low paid employment.
Per capita income
Per capita income is low when compared to state per capita income
which is due to low productivity in agriculture and unemployment and under
employments. Per capita income at constant and current prices are indicated
below.
(in Rs.)
District/State
|
Current
Price (2001-02)
|
Constant
prices (1993-94)
|
N.C.Hills
|
14169
|
6403
|
Assam
|
12593
|
6403
|
Banks
Details of banking facilities in the district in 2004 are shown
below.
Sl. No.
|
Banks &
Facilities
|
N.C.Hills
|
1.
|
No. of
persons served by Commercial banks
|
N/A
|
2.
|
No. of
Commercial bank & gramin banks
|
8- Commercial
9- Gramin Bank
|
3.
|
Credit
deposit ratio
|
14.05%
|
4.
|
No. of
person served by a co-operative society
|
3500
|
5.
|
Average
no. of member per society
|
500
|
6.
|
No. of
Kisan Cards issued
|
72
|
Education
As per 2001 Census the literacy rate in the district of N.C.Hills
is 69% as against the state average of 64% . The female literacy is 59.40% as
against the state average of 56% The male literacy is 76.59% as against the
state average of 71.73%
Details of educational indicators are as follows
a)
Child population of 0-14 years 55,000 Nos.
b)
Enrolment in school
1.
Primary: 30400 Nos.
2.
Secondary 17183 Nos.
c)
No. of primary schools LP- 676
ME-175
d)
Dropout rate primary (%) 10
e)
Teacher-pupil ratio (Primary) 1:21
f)
Teacher-pupil ratio (Secondary) 1:26
Higher
Education:
a)
No. of Arts and Science Colleges 4
b)
No. of Engineering Colleges NIL
c)
No. of High Schools 76
d)
No. of B.Ed. Colleges NIL
e)
No. of Teachers Training Institute 1
f)
Medical Colleges( allopathic) NIL
g)
Industrial Training Institute 1
h)
Polytechnics NIL
i)
Govt. Training Tool Centre NIL
( source – Inspector of School, N.C. Hills, Haflong.)
Health
In terms of Health indicators the N.C.Hills district is lagging
behind and health indicators are shown below.
Sl. No.
|
Indicator
|
N.C.Hills
|
1.
|
Birth
rate
|
2.36%
|
2.
|
Death
rate
|
0.39%
|
3.
|
Infant
mortality rate
|
4
|
4.
|
Doctors
per 10000 population
|
2
|
5.
|
Population served by a medical institution
|
11181
|
6.
|
No. of
beds per lakh population
|
115
|
Health institutions (Nos.)
Hospitals : 1
Primary Health Centre : 5
Community Health Centre : 2
State Dispensary : 5
FW Sub Centres : 72
Medical Sub Centres : 5
(Source– Jt. Director of Health, Haflong. and statistical Hand
Book of Assam 2003)
Roads
Road is one of the basic means of transport which requires to be
developed in the N.C.Hills district with top most priority. Length of different
categories of roads are indicated below.
Sl. No.
|
Particulars
|
Kms
|
1.
|
National
High ways
|
211.00
|
2.
|
Major
district Roads
|
149.50
|
3.
|
Roads
under NEC control
|
173.82
|
4.
|
D.R.D.
Roads
|
150.00
|
5.
|
Village
roads
|
522.09
|
6.
|
Other
district roads
|
444.79
|
1.
Surface Road : 605.98
2. Major bridges : 6 Nos.
3. Railway length : 135 km
4. No. of Post offices : 7
5. Population per Post Office : 26598
SOURCE :- PWD (ROADS) DIVISION, D.R.D.A, HAFLONG.
Industries,
Mining
District ranks 25th In the industrial
developments in Assam. It is endowed with rich deposit of lime stones and coal.
It houses 3(three) small Cement factories .
Details of Industries are given below
Small Scale Industrial units :
499
Employees
: 750
Number of factories
: 3
Employees
: 500
Unemployed on live register : 570
Other
Information
a) No. of fair price shops : 267
b) No. of Ration Card holders : 39415
c) No. of villages electrified
: 261
d) IP sets energised
: 150
SOURCE :- DISTRICT OFFICE RECORD CONCERN
Important
tourist places
a) Haflong
Town (lake views of 5 lakes)
b) Maibong ( ancient Capital town of Dimasa tribal
Chieftain)
c) Jatinga ( a place of birds enchantments and
attraction)
d) Umrangso (lake view)
e) Mahur
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